About Department
Currently, nanotechnology is described as revolutionary discipline in terms of its possible impact on industrial applications. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions to many problems using emerging nanotechniques. Depending on the strong interdisciplinary character of nanotechnology there are many research fields and several potential applications that involve nanotechnology. Inspired by these facts.
Nanotechnology operates at the first level of organization of atoms and molecules for both living and anthropogenic systems. This is where the properties and functions of all systems are defined. Such fundamental control promises a broad and revolutionary technology platform for industry, biomedicine, environmental engineering, safety and security, food, water resources, energy conversion, and countless other areas. Nanotechnology is also defined as the ability to understand, control, and manipulate matter at the level of individual atoms and molecules, as well as at the “supramolecular” level involving clusters of molecules (in the range of about 0.1 to 100 nm), in order to create materials, devices, and systems with fundamentally new properties and functions because of their small structure.
The definition implies using the same principles and tools to establish a unifying platform for science and engineering at the nanoscale, and employing the atomic and molecular interactions to develop efficient manufacturing methods. There are at least three reasons for the current interest in nanotechnology.First, the research is helping us to fill a major gap in our fundamental knowledge of matter. At the small end of the scale, single atoms and molecules, we already know quite a bit from using tools developed by conventional physics and chemistry. And at the large end, likewise, conventional chemistry, biology, and engineering have taught us about the bulk behavior of materials and systems. However, the intermediate nanoscale, which is the natural threshold where all living and manmade systems work is less explored. The intellectual drive toward smaller dimensions was accelerated by the discovery of size-dependent novel properties and phenomena.
The basic properties and functions of material structures and systems are defined here and, even more importantly, can be changed as a function of the organization of matter via ‘‘weak” molecular interactions (such as hydrogen bonds, electrostatic dipole, van der Waals forces, various surface forces, electro-fluidic forces, etc.). The second reason for the interest in nanotechnology is that nanoscale phenomena which hold the promise for fundamentally new applications. Possible examples include chemical manufacturing using designed molecular assemblies, processing of information using photons or electron spin, detection of chemicals or bioagents using only a few molecules, detection and treatment of chronic illnesses by subcellular interventions, regenerating tissue and nerves, enhancing learning and other cognitive processes by understanding the “society” of neurons, and cleaning contaminated soils with designed nanoparticles.